Documentation Demonstrating Regulatory Compliance in the Plant Operating States Analysis Schema
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Coverage of Regulatory Requirements
- POS-D1
- POS-D2
- POS-D3
- Peer Review and Validation
- Transition Risk Analysis
- Plant Representation Accuracy
- Configuration Control and Traceability
1. POS-D1 Compliance
1.1 POS-D1.a
The schema captures plant evolutions through the plantEvolutions field in the PlantOperatingStatesAnalysis interface:
plantEvolutions: PlantEvolution[];Each PlantEvolution contains detailed definitions as required:
export interface PlantEvolution extends Unique, Named {
description?: string;
operatingModes: string[];
rcbConfigurations: string[];
rcsParameters: {
powerLevel?: number;
temperature?: number;
pressure?: number;
coolantInventory?: number;
};
availableInstrumentation: string[];
activitiesLeadingToChanges: string[];
radionuclideTransportBarriersStatus: string[];
sscCapabilitiesChanges: string[];
operationalAssumptions: string[];
plantOperatingStates: PlantOperatingState[];
// Additional fields...
}The schema also tracks whether at-power operations are included in the analysis as required by regulation:
includesAtPowerOperations: boolean;Sample Documentation for Plant Evolutions
Plant Evolution: Normal Power Operation
- Description: Normal operation from startup to shutdown
- Operating Modes: POWER, STARTUP, SHUTDOWN
- RCB Configurations: Pressure boundary intact, Vented for maintenance
- RCS Parameters: Power level: 100%, Temperature: 550°F, Pressure: 2250 psia
- Available Instrumentation: Reactor pressure, Reactor temperature, Neutron flux
- Activities Leading to Changes: Load following, Startup sequence, Normal shutdown
- Radionuclide Barriers Status: All barriers intact during power operation
- SSC Capabilities Changes: No changes during normal operation
- Operational Assumptions: Reactor operates at full power for 90% of operational time
1.2 POS-D1.b
The schema documents the identification process through the PlantOperatingStatesDocumentation interface:
export interface PlantOperatingStatesDocumentation {
// Process description for POS identification
identificationProcessDetails: string;
// Other fields...
}Each PlantOperatingState is clearly defined with unique boundaries:
export interface PlantOperatingState extends Unique, Named {
description?: string;
characteristics?: string;
processCriteriaIdentification?: string;
timeBoundary: TimeBoundary;
// Other fields...
}The TimeBoundary interface ensures clear delineation between states:
export interface TimeBoundary {
startingCondition: string;
endingCondition: string;
transitionParameters?: TransitionParameter[];
}Sample Documentation for POS Identification Process
POS Identification Process:
- Analyzed the complete plant operating cycle from initial startup to shutdown
- Identified distinct plant conditions based on:
- Reactor power levels
- RCS configuration
- Equipment availability
- Decay heat levels
- Barrier statuses
- Defined explicit time boundaries for each POS
- Verified mutual exclusivity using the
POSValidationRulesinterface - Confirmed collective exhaustivity to ensure complete coverage of the operating cycle
POS Identification Criteria:
- Changes in major safety function availability
- Changes in barrier status
- Significant changes in plant parameters (e.g., RCS pressure/temperature)
- Changes in decay heat removal capabilities
- Changes in reactor coolant inventory
- Significant operator actions or alignments
1.3 POS-D1.c
The schema supports grouping of plant operating states through the plantOperatingStatesGroups field:
plantOperatingStatesGroups?: PlantOperatingStatesGroup[];Each group has detailed documentation of the process:
export interface PlantOperatingStatesGroup extends Unique, Named {
description?: string;
plantOperatingStateIds: string[];
groupingJustification: string;
representativeCharacteristics: string[];
}The schema also tracks subsumed operating states:
subsumedPOSs?: SubsumedPOS[];Each subsumed POS is documented with clear justification:
export interface SubsumedPOS {
subsumedPOS: string;
subsumingPOS: string;
justification: string;
riskImpact?: "HIGH" | "MEDIUM" | "LOW";
limitations?: string[];
validationMethod?: string;
}Sample Documentation for POS Grouping Process
POS Grouping Criteria:
- Similar decay heat levels
- Similar RCS configurations
- Similar available equipment
- Similar initiating events
- Similar success criteria
Grouping Process:
- Evaluated each POS against the grouping criteria
- Identified POSs with similar characteristics
- Performed sensitivity analysis to verify that grouping doesn't mask risk insights
- Documented justification for each grouping decision
- Maintained the most limiting characteristics for each group
Example Grouping Justification: POS-5A and POS-5B were grouped because they share similar decay heat levels (0.5-0.7% of rated power), identical RCS configurations (vented, reduced inventory), and the same set of available safety systems. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that using the parameters from POS-5A (the more limiting case) provides conservative results for both states.
1.4 POS-D1.d
The schema provides detailed definitions of each POS group through the PlantOperatingStatesGroup interface:
export interface PlantOperatingStatesGroup extends Unique, Named {
description?: string;
plantOperatingStateIds: string[];
groupingJustification: string;
representativeCharacteristics: string[];
}Sample Documentation for POS Group Definition
POS Group: Low Power Operations
- Description: Includes all operating states between 0-15% reactor power
- Included POS IDs: POS-2A, POS-2B, POS-2C
- Grouping Justification: These states share similar thermal-hydraulic conditions, available safety systems, and potential initiating events
- Representative Characteristics:
- Power level: 10% (most limiting)
- RCS pressure: 2200 psia
- RCS temperature: 547°F
- All safety systems available
- Manual reactor control
- Turbine synchronization activities in progress
POS Group: Mid-Loop Operations
- Description: Includes all operating states with reduced RCS inventory
- Included POS IDs: POS-5A, POS-5B
- Grouping Justification: Both states have similar reduced inventory conditions and decay heat removal configurations
- Representative Characteristics:
- RCS level at mid-loop elevation
- Decay heat 0.7% of rated power (most limiting)
- RHR providing decay heat removal
- RCS vented
- Equipment hatch closed
- Time since shutdown: 48-96 hours
1.5 POS-D1.e
Each PlantOperatingState in the schema has comprehensive characteristics defined:
export interface PlantOperatingState extends Unique, Named {
description?: string;
characteristics?: string;
radioactiveMaterialSources: string[];
operatingMode: OperatingState;
rcbConfiguration: string;
rcsParameters: ReactorCoolantSystemParameters;
decayHeatRemoval: DecayHeatRemovalSystems;
availableInstrumentation: string[];
radionuclideTransportBarrier: RadionuclideTransportBarriers;
initiatingEvents: InitiatingEvent[];
safetyFunctions: SafetyFunction[];
// Additional fields...
}The ReactorCoolantSystemParameters interface specifically captures key parameters:
export interface ReactorCoolantSystemParameters {
powerLevel: [number & tags.Minimum<0>, number & tags.Maximum<1>];
decayHeatLevel: [number & tags.Minimum<0>, number & tags.Maximum<1>];
reactorCoolantTemperatureAtControlVolume1: [number & tags.Minimum<0>, number & tags.Maximum<1>];
coolantPressureAtControlVolume1: [number & tags.Minimum<0>, number & tags.Maximum<1>];
others?: [number, number];
reactorLevel?: [number & tags.Minimum<0>, number & tags.Maximum<1>];
timeAfterShutdown?: number;
rcsConfigurationDescription?: string;
}Sample Documentation for POS Characteristics
POS: Full Power Operation (POS-1)
- Description: Normal operation at rated thermal power
- Characteristics: Steady-state operation with all safety systems available
- Operating Mode: POWER
- RCB Configuration: Intact, all penetrations closed
- RCS Parameters:
- Power Level: [0.98, 1.0] (fraction of rated power)
- Decay Heat Level: [0.07, 0.07] (fraction of rated power)
- RCS Temperature: [540°F, 560°F]
- RCS Pressure: [2200 psia, 2300 psia]
- Decay Heat Removal Systems:
- Primary Cooling Systems:
- Secondary Cooling Systems:
- Available Instrumentation: Reactor pressure, temperature, level, neutron flux, coolant flow
- Radionuclide Transport Barriers:
- Barrier1: INTACT
- Barrier2: INTACT
- Initiating Events: LOCA events, transients, loss of offsite power
- Safety Functions: Reactivity control, core cooling, RCS pressure control
POS: Mid-Loop Operation (POS-5A)
- Description: Reduced inventory operation for maintenance activities
- Characteristics: Reduced inventory with time after shutdown > 72 hours
- Operating Mode: SHUTDOWN
- RCB Configuration: Equipment hatch closed, personnel airlock open
- RCS Parameters:
- Power Level: [0, 0] (fraction of rated power)
- Decay Heat Level: [0.005, 0.007] (fraction of rated power)
- RCS Temperature: [100°F, 120°F]
- RCS Pressure: [0 psia, 0 psia]
- Reactor Level: [0.33, 0.38] (fraction of full level)
- Time After Shutdown: 72 hours
- Decay Heat Removal Systems:
- Primary Cooling Systems:
- Secondary Cooling Systems:
- Available Instrumentation: RCS temperature, level, RHR flow
- Radionuclide Transport Barriers:
- Barrier1: BREACHED
- Barrier2: INTACT
- Initiating Events: Loss of RHR, inventory loss events
- Safety Functions: Decay heat removal, RCS inventory control
1.6 POS-D1.f
The schema captures these temporal aspects through multiple fields:
export interface PlantOperatingState {
// Other fields...
meanDuration: number;
meanTimeSinceShutdown?: number;
meanFrequency?: Frequency;
}The schema also supports detailed frequency and duration analysis:
export interface OperatingStatesFrequencyDuration {
outagePlansRecords: {
/* fields */
}[];
maintenancePlansRecords: {
/* fields */
}[];
operationsData: {
/* fields */
}[];
tripHistory: {
/* fields */
}[];
summary?: {
posName: string;
averageDuration: number;
entriesPerYear: number;
fractionOfTime: number;
}[];
}Sample Documentation for POS Durations and Frequencies
POS: Full Power Operation (POS-1)
- Mean Duration: 7300 hours
- Mean Time Since Shutdown: N/A (operating state)
- Mean Frequency: 1.0 per year
- Fraction of Time: 0.83 (83% of plant operating time)
POS: Normal Shutdown (POS-3)
- Mean Duration: 24 hours
- Mean Time Since Shutdown: 0 hours (beginning of shutdown)
- Mean Frequency: 1.0 per year
- Fraction of Time: 0.003 (0.3% of plant operating time)
POS: Refueling (POS-7)
- Mean Duration: 240 hours
- Mean Time Since Shutdown: 96 hours
- Mean Frequency: 0.5 per year (biennial refueling)
- Fraction of Time: 0.014 (1.4% of plant operating time)
1.7 POS-D1.g
Decay heat information is captured in the rcsParameters field:
export interface ReactorCoolantSystemParameters {
// Other fields...
decayHeatLevel: [number & tags.Minimum<0>, number & tags.Maximum<1>];
timeAfterShutdown?: number;
}Time-varying decay heat is further captured through:
export interface TimeVaryingCondition extends Unique, Named {
time: number;
parameter: string;
value: number;
impact: string;
units?: string;
uncertainty?: number;
requiresMonitoring: boolean;
}Sample Documentation for Decay Heat Association
Decay Heat Levels by POS in Normal Operation Evolution:
| POS ID | POS Name | Min Decay Heat (%) | Max Decay Heat (%) | Time After Shutdown (hrs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| POS-1 | Full Power | 7.0 | 7.0 | N/A |
| POS-2 | Reactor Trip | 7.0 | 6.0 | 0-1 |
| POS-3 | Hot Standby | 6.0 | 4.0 | 1-4 |
| POS-4 | Cooldown | 4.0 | 2.5 | 4-24 |
| POS-5A | Mid-Loop (Early) | 2.5 | 1.7 | 24-48 |
| POS-5B | Mid-Loop (Late) | 1.7 | 0.7 | 48-96 |
| POS-6 | Cavity Flooded | 0.7 | 0.5 | 96-336 |
| POS-7 | Refueling | 0.5 | 0.4 | 336-576 |
Time-Varying Decay Heat for POS-3 (Hot Standby):
| Time (hrs) | Decay Heat (%) | Impact on Safety Functions | Requires Monitoring |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | 6.0 | High heat load on AFW and PORVs | Yes |
| 2.0 | 5.0 | Moderate heat load, RHR entry conditions | Yes |
| 3.0 | 4.5 | Reduced heat load, approaching RHR entry | Yes |
| 4.0 | 4.0 | Minimum heat load for this POS | Yes |
1.8 Specific Interfaces with Other PRA Tasks (POS-D1.h)
The schema includes explicit interfaces with other PRA tasks:
export interface PlantOperatingStatesDocumentation {
// Other fields...
praTaskInterfaces: string;
}Additionally, cross-references to other technical elements exist throughout:
export interface PlantOperatingState {
// Other fields...
initiatingEvents: InitiatingEvent[];
successCriteriaIds?: SuccessCriteriaId[];
}Sample Documentation for PRA Task Interfaces
Interfaces with Other PRA Tasks:
Initiating Event Analysis: The POS Analysis provides the operational context for initiating event identification and quantification. Each POS has a defined set of applicable initiating events referenced through the
initiatingEventsfield.Success Criteria Analysis: POS-specific success criteria are referenced through the
successCriteriaIdsfield, which uses the standardized pattern^SC-[A-Z0-9-]+$from shared patterns. Each POS has unique thermal-hydraulic conditions that affect system success criteria.
The success criteria IDs follow a consistent format across the PRA:
- Format:
SC-[SYSTEM]-[NUMBER] - Example:
SC-RCIC-001 - Pattern validation ensures consistent formatting
Systems Analysis: The availability and configuration of systems in each POS are captured in the
decayHeatRemovalfield. This information feeds into the systems analysis task.Human Reliability Analysis: POS-specific operator actions are documented in the
evolutionConsiderations.operatorActionsfield. This information supports human reliability analysis for different plant conditions.Data Analysis: Historical data on POS frequencies and durations is captured in the
OperatingStatesFrequencyDurationinterface. This provides input to the Data Analysis technical element.
Example Interface Control: When the Success Criteria Analysis is updated, the corresponding success criteria IDs in the POS Analysis are verified for consistency. Likewise, when new initiating events are identified, they are mapped to the appropriate POS definitions.
2. POS-D2 Compliance
2.1 Schema Support for Model Uncertainty Documentation
export interface PlantOperatingStatesAnalysis {
// Other fields...
/**
* Sources of model uncertainty related to POS definitions
* @implements POS-A12
*/
modelUncertainty?: ModelUncertaintyInfo[];
// Additional fields for documentation
documentation?: PlantOperatingStatesDocumentation;
}The ModelUncertaintyInfo interface provides a structured way to document these uncertainties:
export interface ModelUncertaintyInfo {
/** Source of the uncertainty */
source: string;
/** Description of the uncertainty */
description: string;
/** Impact level of the uncertainty */
impact: "HIGH" | "MEDIUM" | "LOW";
/** How the uncertainty is treated in the model */
treatment: string;
/** Reasonable alternatives that could be considered */
reasonableAlternatives?: string[];
}2.2 Example Model Uncertainty Documentation
Below is an example of how model uncertainties would be documented using the schema:
const posAnalysis: PlantOperatingStatesAnalysis = {
// Other fields...
modelUncertainty: [
{
source: "Decay Heat Calculation Method",
description:
"The ANS 1979 decay heat model includes uncertainties that impact time-to-boil calculations in low-power states",
impact: "MEDIUM",
treatment: "Used ANS 1979 + 2σ uncertainty to ensure conservative time windows",
reasonableAlternatives: [
"ANS 1994 decay heat model with plant-specific adjustments",
"Use of actual measured data from similar plants to refine the model",
],
},
{
source: "Plant Evolution Timeline",
description: "Limited operational experience causes uncertainty in duration of transitional states",
impact: "LOW",
treatment: "Used conservative estimates based on similar plant designs",
reasonableAlternatives: ["Use shorter durations to assess impact on overall risk profile"],
},
{
source: "Success Criteria in Transitional States",
description: "Thermal-hydraulic analyses have higher uncertainty during rapidly changing conditions",
impact: "HIGH",
treatment: "Used bounding analysis at multiple snapshots within each transitional state",
reasonableAlternatives: [
"Dynamic thermal-hydraulic modeling throughout the transition",
"More granular subdivision of transitional states",
],
},
],
};This example shows how the schema effectively documents:
- The sources of model uncertainty
- Detailed descriptions of each uncertainty
- The relative impact of each uncertainty
- How the uncertainty is treated in the analysis
- Reasonable alternative approaches that could be considered
3. POS-D3 Compliance
3.1 Schema Support for Pre-operational Limitations
export interface PlantOperatingStatesAnalysis {
// Other fields...
/**
* List of assumptions due to lack of as-built details
* @implements POS-A13, POS-B8
*/
assumptionsLackOfDetail?: AssumptionsLackOfDetail[];
// Documentation and other fields
}The AssumptionsLackOfDetail interface is specifically designed to address POS-D3:
export interface AssumptionsLackOfDetail {
/**
* Description of the assumption made
*/
description: string;
/**
* Influences of plant operating state definitions
*/
influence: string;
/**
* Impact assessment of this assumption on risk
*/
riskImpact: "HIGH" | "MEDIUM" | "LOW";
/**
* Justification for the assumption
*/
justification?: string;
/**
* Planned actions to validate or refine this assumption
*/
plannedActions?: string[];
/**
* Affected plant operating states
*/
affectedPOSIds?: string[];
/**
* Potential alternatives to this assumption
*/
potentialAlternatives?: string[];
/**
* Sensitivity analysis results, if performed
*/
sensitivityAnalysis?: string;
}3.2 Example Pre-operational Limitations Documentation
Below is an example of how pre-operational limitations would be documented using the schema:
const posAnalysis: PlantOperatingStatesAnalysis = {
// Other fields...
assumptionsLackOfDetail: [
{
description: "RCS temperature distribution during mid-loop operations",
influence: "Affects success criteria for decay heat removal systems in POS-5A and POS-5B",
riskImpact: "HIGH",
justification: "No as-built instrument locations available to confirm thermal stratification",
plannedActions: [
"Confirm thermal-hydraulic assumptions with scale model testing",
"Add additional temperature sensors during commissioning",
],
affectedPOSIds: ["POS-5A", "POS-5B"],
potentialAlternatives: [
"Conservative uniform temperature assumption",
"Detailed CFD modeling with sensitivity studies",
],
sensitivityAnalysis:
"Sensitivity studies show mid-loop operation risk estimates may vary by a factor of 2-3 depending on temperature distribution assumptions",
},
{
description: "Operator response times for non-routine evolutions",
influence: "Affects time available for operator actions in transitional states",
riskImpact: "MEDIUM",
justification: "No operating crew performance data available pre-operation",
plannedActions: [
"Conduct timed simulator exercises during training",
"Refine estimates after initial plant operation",
],
affectedPOSIds: ["POS-3", "POS-4", "POS-5A"],
sensitivityAnalysis:
"Sensitivity study assuming 1.5x longer response times shows acceptable safety margins maintained",
},
{
description: "System alignment transition times during outage activities",
influence: "Affects vulnerability windows for specific initiating events",
riskImpact: "MEDIUM",
justification: "Limited information on maintenance procedures and crew coordination",
plannedActions: [
"Develop detailed maintenance procedures",
"Benchmark against similar plant outage data",
"Update PRA after first refueling outage",
],
affectedPOSIds: ["POS-4", "POS-5A", "POS-6"],
potentialAlternatives: [
"Use of bounding estimates from industry experience",
"Application of uncertainty factors to account for variations",
],
sensitivityAnalysis:
"Sensitivity studies show that even with 2x longer alignment times, core damage frequency remains below threshold",
},
],
};This example shows how the schema effectively documents:
- Assumptions made due to lack of as-built, as-operated details
- How these assumptions influence POS definitions
- Risk impact assessments
- Justifications for the assumptions
- Planned actions to validate or refine assumptions during commissioning
- Affected plant operating states
- Potential alternative approaches
- Results of sensitivity analyses
Such documentation satisfies the requirements of POS-D3 by providing a structured approach to capturing pre-operational limitations and plans to address them.
4. Configuration Control and Traceability
The schema ensures traceability through unique identifiers and explicit cross-references:
export interface Unique {
/** Unique identifier for the element */
uuid: string;
}
export interface Named {
/** Name of the element */
name: string;
}Each POS, evolution, and group has a unique identifier that can be referenced across the PRA model. This ensures changes can be tracked and impacts assessed across the model.
Peer Review and Validation
The schema includes comprehensive support for peer review findings and validation through several interfaces:
PeerReviewFindinginterface:
export interface PeerReviewFinding {
/** ID of the peer review finding */
findingId: string;
/** Description of the finding */
description: string;
/** Category of the finding */
category: string;
/** Significance of the finding (HIGH/MEDIUM/LOW) */
significance: ImportanceLevel;
/** Response to the finding */
response: string;
/** Actions taken to address the finding */
actions?: string[];
/** Resolution status */
status: "OPEN" | "CLOSED" | "IN_PROGRESS";
}POSValidationRulesinterface:
export interface POSValidationRules {
/** Validates mutual exclusivity between POSs */
mutualExclusivityRules: {
description: string;
delineationParameters: string[];
verificationMethod: string;
};
/** Validates collective exhaustivity of POSs */
collectiveExhaustivityRules: {
description: string;
verificationMethod: string;
configurationCoverage: string;
};
/** Rules for transitions between POSs */
transitionRules: {
transitionMatrix: Record<string, string[]>;
transitionTriggers: Record<string, string>;
};
}Transition Risk Analysis
The schema includes dedicated interfaces for documenting transition risks:
TransitionRiskinterface:
export interface TransitionRisk {
/** ID of the transition */
transitionId: string;
/** Description of the transition */
description: string;
/** Risks associated with the transition */
risks: string[];
/** Significance of the risks */
significance: ImportanceLevel;
/** Mitigating actions */
mitigatingActions?: string[];
/** Human actions required during this transition */
requiredHumanActions?: string[];
/** Equipment that must be available during this transition */
requiredEquipment?: string[];
}- Enhanced
TransitionEventinterface with additional fields:
export interface TransitionEvent extends Unique {
// ... existing fields ...
/** Risk significance of this transition */
riskSignificance?: ImportanceLevel;
/** Mitigating actions to reduce transition risks */
mitigatingActions?: string[];
/** Human actions required during this transition */
requiredHumanActions?: string[];
/** Equipment that must be available during this transition */
requiredEquipment?: string[];
/** Potential failure modes during this transition */
potentialFailureModes?: string[];
}Plant Representation Accuracy
The schema includes comprehensive support for assessing plant representation accuracy:
PlantRepresentationAccuracyinterface:
export interface PlantRepresentationAccuracy {
/** Degree of accuracy */
accuracy: ImportanceLevel;
/** Basis for accuracy assessment */
basis: string;
/** Limitations in plant representation */
limitations?: string[];
/** Actions to improve accuracy */
improvementActions?: string[];
/** Assessment of sufficiency for risk-significant contributors */
sufficientForRiskSignificantContributors: boolean;
/** Justification for the sufficiency assessment */
sufficiencyJustification?: string;
}- Enhanced
PlantOperatingStatewith accuracy assessment:
export interface PlantOperatingState extends Unique, Named {
// ... existing fields ...
/** Plant representation accuracy for this POS */
plantRepresentationAccuracy?: PlantRepresentationAccuracy & {
/** Areas with high confidence */
highConfidenceAreas?: string[];
/** Areas with lower confidence */
lowerConfidenceAreas?: string[];
/** Plans for improvement */
improvementPlans?: string[];
};
}- Enhanced
PlantOperatingStatesAnalysiswith time-varying conditions:
export interface PlantOperatingStatesAnalysis
extends TechnicalElement<TechnicalElementTypes.PLANT_OPERATING_STATES_ANALYSIS> {
// ... existing fields ...
/** Time-varying conditions across multiple POSs */
timeVaryingConditions?: TimeVaryingCondition[];
}